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the evening

  • 1 vesper

        vesper erī or eris, acc. vesperum, abl. vesperō or vespere (adverb. also vesperī), m    [2 VAS-], the evening-star: rubens, V.: vespero Surgente, H.— The evening, even, eve, even-tide: diei vesper erat, S.: serus, V.: cum, quid yesper ferat, incertum sit, L.: ad vesperum: sub vesperum, towards evening, Cs.: primo vespere, Cs.: litteras reddidit a<*> d. VIII Idūs Mart. vespere, in the evening: vesperi venire: neque tam vesperi revortor, so late, T.— The evening sky, West, Occident: vespere ab atro, V., O.
    * * *
    I
    evening; evening star; west
    II
    evening; evening star; west

    Latin-English dictionary > vesper

  • 2 vespertinus

    vespertīnus, a, um, adj. [vesper].
    I.
    Of or belonging to evening or even-tide, evening-:

    tempora (opp. matutina),

    Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52: litterae, received in the evening (opp. antemeridianae), id. Att. 13, 23, 1: senatusconsulta, made or passed in the evening, id. Phil. 3, 10, 24:

    acies,

    a seeing dimly in the evening, Plin. 8, 50, 76, § 203:

    cantus,

    of the cock, id. 10, 21, 24, § 49:

    lucubratio,

    id. 18, 26, 63, § 233:

    ros,

    evening dew, Pall. Nov. 13, 4 et saep.—Adverb.:

    si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes,

    i. e. in the evening, Hor. S. 2, 4, 17; id. Epod. 16, 51; id. S. 1, 6, 113; Prud. Psych. 376.— Absol.:

    vespertino rursus pascunt,

    at even-tide, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 11:

    matutinis vespertinisque,

    in the morning and evening hours, Plin. 30, 10, 24, § 84. —
    II.
    Of or belonging to the west, western:

    regio,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 30:

    caeli regio,

    Vitr. 4, 5, 1:

    populus,

    Prud. Psych. 376.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vespertinus

  • 3 vespertīnus

        vespertīnus adj.    [vesper], of evening, of even-tide, evening: tempora (opp. matutina): litterae, received in the evening: senatūs consultā, passed in the evening.—Poet.: Si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes, i. e. in the evening, H.—Of the west, western: regio, H.
    * * *
    vespertina, vespertinum ADJ

    Latin-English dictionary > vespertīnus

  • 4 vesper

    vesper, ĕris and ĕri (in class. prose mostly acc. vesperum, and abl. vespere, or adverb. vesperi; the plur. not used), m. ( neutr., Varr. L. L. 7, § 50 and 9, § 73 Müll. acc. to Lachm.) [Gr. hesperos, hespera], the evening, even, eve, even-tide.
    I.
    Lit.:

    jam diei vesper erat,

    Sall. J. 52, 3; 106, 2:

    vesper fit (late Lat. for advesperascit),

    Vulg. Matt. 14, 15; 16, 2; 26, 20:

    ad vesperum,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 12; id. Fin. 2, 28, 92 Madv.; 3, 2, 8; Caes. B. C. 1, 3; id. B. G. 1, 26:

    sub vesperum,

    towards evening, id. ib. 2, 33; 5, 58; 7, 60; id. B. C. 1, 42.—Prov.:

    nescis, quid vesper serus vehat, the title of a satire by Varro,

    Gell. 13, 11, 1; Macr. S. 1, 7; cf.:

    denique, quid vesper serus vehat,

    Verg. G. 1, 461:

    cum quid vesper ferat, incertum sit,

    Liv. 45, 8: de vesperi suo vivere, on his own supper, i. e. to be one's own master, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 5; cf. id. Rud. 1, 2, 91.—
    B.
    Esp., abl. adverb., in the evening.
    1.
    Form vespere:

    primo vespere,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 43:

    litteras reddidit a. d. VIII. Id. Mart. vespere,

    Cic. Att. 11, 12, 1.—
    2.
    Form vesperi:

    cum ad me in Tusculanum heri vesperi venisset Caesar,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 13; id. Ac. 1, 1, 1; id. Mil. 20, 54; Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 62; id. Mil. 2, 5, 29; id. Rud. 1, 2, 91; Ter. And. 4, 4, 29:

    neque tam vesperi revortor,

    so late, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 15:

    primā vesperi (sc. horā),

    Caes. B. C. 1, 20.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    The evening-star, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 36; Verg. G. 1, 251:

    vespero surgente,

    Hor. C. 2, 9, 10:

    puro Vespero,

    id. ib. 3, 19, 26.—
    B.
    The West, Occident, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 28; id. M. 1, 63:

    vespere ab atro,

    Verg. A. 5, 19.—Hence, for the inhabitants of the West, Occidentals, Sil. 3, 325.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vesper

  • 5 Hesperos

    Hespĕrus or - os, i, m., = Hesperos (the evening; pure Lat., with the digamma, vesper; hence transf.), the evening star, Hesperus; acc. to the myth, the son of Cephalus and Aurora; cf. Hyg. Astr. 2, 42; or, acc. to another myth, the son of Iapetus and Asia, and brother of Atlas; cf. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 530, and 4, 484: infima est quinque errantium terraeque proxima stella Veneris, quae phôsphoros Graece, Latine dicitur Lucifer, cum antegreditur solem, cum subsequitur autem Hesperos, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:

    illam non veniens Aurora Cessantem vidit, non Hesperus,

    Ov. M. 5, 441; id. F. 2, 314; cf. id. ib. 5, 419:

    ite domum saturae, venit Hesperus, ite capellae,

    Verg. E. 10, 77.—
    II.
    Derivv.
    A.
    Hespĕrĭus, a, um, adj., of or situated towards the west, western, Hesperian.
    1.
    Adj.: Hesperium fretum, the western ocean, Ov. M. 11, 258:

    litus,

    id. ib. 2, 142:

    undae,

    Hor. C. 2, 17, 20:

    axis,

    Ov. M. 4, 214; cf.:

    constitit Hesperio, regnis Atlantis, in orbe,

    id. ib. 4, 628:

    imperi Porrecta majestas ad ortus Solis ab Hesperio cubili,

    Hor. C. 4, 15, 16: rex, i. e. Atlas or Hesperus, Ov. de Nuce, 111:

    Hesperios amnes, Rhenum Rhodanumque Padumque, etc.,

    western, id. M. 2, 258: et terram Hesperiam venies, the land of the west, i. e. Italy (because situated to the west of the Trojans), Verg. A. 2, 781; cf. in the foll. 2.; so of Italy:

    Latium,

    id. ib. 7, 601:

    fluctus,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 26:

    ruina,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 32:

    duces,

    Luc. 5, 703.—Hence,
    2.
    Subst.: Hespĕria, ae, f. (sc. terra), the land of the west, Hesperia; poet. for Italy or Spain: est locus, Hesperiam quam mortales perhibebant, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 23 Vahl.);

    imitated by Vergil: est locus, Hesperiam Grai cognomine dicunt,

    Verg. A. 1, 530; so of Italy, Hor. C. 3, 6, 8; 4, 5, 38; Luc. 1, 224 al.:

    qui nunc Hesperia sospes ab ultima, etc.,

    i. e. Spain, Hor. C. 1, 36, 4.—
    B.
    Hespĕris, ĭdis, f., of evening or the west, western, Hesperian.
    I.
    Adj.: corniger Hesperidum fluvius regnator aquarum (Tibris), i. e. Italian (cf. above), Verg. A. 8, 77. —Hence,
    2.
    Subst.
    a.
    Hespĕris, ĭdis, f., the queen's gilliflower, Hesperis tristis, Linn.:

    hesperis noctu magis olet, inde nomine invento,

    Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 39.—
    b.
    He-spĕrĭdes, um, f.
    (α).
    The Hesperides, daughters of Hesperus, or of Erebus and Nox, who, on an island beyond Mount Atlas, watched a garden with golden apples, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6; Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; Mel. 3, 1, 3; Hyg. Fab. praef.; Ov. M. 11, 114; Lucr. 5, 32:

    Hesperidum mala, poma,

    Verg. E. 6, 61; Stat. S. 3, 1, 158:

    Hesperidum serpens,

    Juv. 14, 114.—
    (β).
    A group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean, Mel. 3, 10, 3;

    called also: Hesperidum insulae,

    Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 201.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Hesperos

  • 6 Hesperus

    Hespĕrus or - os, i, m., = Hesperos (the evening; pure Lat., with the digamma, vesper; hence transf.), the evening star, Hesperus; acc. to the myth, the son of Cephalus and Aurora; cf. Hyg. Astr. 2, 42; or, acc. to another myth, the son of Iapetus and Asia, and brother of Atlas; cf. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 530, and 4, 484: infima est quinque errantium terraeque proxima stella Veneris, quae phôsphoros Graece, Latine dicitur Lucifer, cum antegreditur solem, cum subsequitur autem Hesperos, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:

    illam non veniens Aurora Cessantem vidit, non Hesperus,

    Ov. M. 5, 441; id. F. 2, 314; cf. id. ib. 5, 419:

    ite domum saturae, venit Hesperus, ite capellae,

    Verg. E. 10, 77.—
    II.
    Derivv.
    A.
    Hespĕrĭus, a, um, adj., of or situated towards the west, western, Hesperian.
    1.
    Adj.: Hesperium fretum, the western ocean, Ov. M. 11, 258:

    litus,

    id. ib. 2, 142:

    undae,

    Hor. C. 2, 17, 20:

    axis,

    Ov. M. 4, 214; cf.:

    constitit Hesperio, regnis Atlantis, in orbe,

    id. ib. 4, 628:

    imperi Porrecta majestas ad ortus Solis ab Hesperio cubili,

    Hor. C. 4, 15, 16: rex, i. e. Atlas or Hesperus, Ov. de Nuce, 111:

    Hesperios amnes, Rhenum Rhodanumque Padumque, etc.,

    western, id. M. 2, 258: et terram Hesperiam venies, the land of the west, i. e. Italy (because situated to the west of the Trojans), Verg. A. 2, 781; cf. in the foll. 2.; so of Italy:

    Latium,

    id. ib. 7, 601:

    fluctus,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 26:

    ruina,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 32:

    duces,

    Luc. 5, 703.—Hence,
    2.
    Subst.: Hespĕria, ae, f. (sc. terra), the land of the west, Hesperia; poet. for Italy or Spain: est locus, Hesperiam quam mortales perhibebant, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 23 Vahl.);

    imitated by Vergil: est locus, Hesperiam Grai cognomine dicunt,

    Verg. A. 1, 530; so of Italy, Hor. C. 3, 6, 8; 4, 5, 38; Luc. 1, 224 al.:

    qui nunc Hesperia sospes ab ultima, etc.,

    i. e. Spain, Hor. C. 1, 36, 4.—
    B.
    Hespĕris, ĭdis, f., of evening or the west, western, Hesperian.
    I.
    Adj.: corniger Hesperidum fluvius regnator aquarum (Tibris), i. e. Italian (cf. above), Verg. A. 8, 77. —Hence,
    2.
    Subst.
    a.
    Hespĕris, ĭdis, f., the queen's gilliflower, Hesperis tristis, Linn.:

    hesperis noctu magis olet, inde nomine invento,

    Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 39.—
    b.
    He-spĕrĭdes, um, f.
    (α).
    The Hesperides, daughters of Hesperus, or of Erebus and Nox, who, on an island beyond Mount Atlas, watched a garden with golden apples, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6; Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; Mel. 3, 1, 3; Hyg. Fab. praef.; Ov. M. 11, 114; Lucr. 5, 32:

    Hesperidum mala, poma,

    Verg. E. 6, 61; Stat. S. 3, 1, 158:

    Hesperidum serpens,

    Juv. 14, 114.—
    (β).
    A group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean, Mel. 3, 10, 3;

    called also: Hesperidum insulae,

    Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 201.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Hesperus

  • 7 vespera

    vespĕra, ae, f. [= hespera, i. e. Wespera; cf. the preced. art.], the evening, eventide (much more freq. than vesper; used only in sing.;

    in Cic. only adverb., ad vesperam): prima vespera,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 4; so Suet. Tib. 74; Just. 18, 4, 12:

    si accelerare volent, ad vesperam consequentur,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 6:

    ibi se occultans perpotavit ad vesperam,

    id. Phil. 11, 31, 77: vespera, Sall. ap. Charis. 2, p. 223 (Hist. 2, 76 Dietsch):

    super sedem cottidianam magistratum primā vesperā suspendit (tabellas),

    Liv. 34, 61, 14:

    a mane usque ad vesperam,

    Suet. Calig. 18; cf. id. Claud. 34; id. Tib. 74; id. Aug. 53:

    inumbrante vesperă,

    Tac. H. 3, 19; id. A. 1, 16; 15, 60; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 18; 9, 36, 4; Curt. 4, 7, 22; 5, 13, 10; 6, 7, 20; 6, 11, 9: vesperā fatigatus, Aur. Caes. ap. Charis. p. 198 P.:

    vesperā, adverb.,

    in the evening, at even, Plin. 13, 18, 32, § 109; 19, 12, 60, § 183; 32, 4, 14, § 36; Fronto ap. Charis. l. l.—
    II.
    Transf., the West (cf. vesper, II. B.):

    ad vesperam jacentes terrae,

    Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 215.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vespera

  • 8 crepusculum

    crĕpuscŭlum, i, n. [creper], twilight, dusk (cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Müll.); and in partic., evening twilight, the dusk of the evening (opp. diluculum, the morning twilight, dawn; poet. or in post-Aug. prose).
    I.
    Prop., Plaut. Cas. prol. 40; Ov. M. 1, 219; 15, 681; id. F. 4, 735; Plin. 18, 25, 58, § 219; Suet. Ner. 26 al.—
    II.
    In gen., darkness:

    iter per opaca crepuscula,

    Ov. M. 14, 122; cf. id. ib. 11, 596.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > crepusculum

  • 9 vespera

        vespera ae, f    [2 VAS-], the evening, even-tide: ad vesperam consequi: primā vesperā, L.
    * * *
    evening, even-tide

    Latin-English dictionary > vespera

  • 10 vesperus

    vespĕrus, a, um, adj. [vespera], of or belonging to the evening, evening-:

    his horae rigandi matutina atque vespera,

    Plin. 19, 12, 60, § 183 (dub.;

    al. matutino atque vespera): tempus vesperum,

    Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 15, 141; 1, 15, 151.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vesperus

  • 11 cael

    1.
    caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:

    caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,

    Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.
    2.
    caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:

    ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,

    Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:

    quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,

    Lucr. 2, 1097:

    boat caelum fremitu virum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:

    quicquid deorum in caelo regit,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:

    lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,

    Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;

    so also, e caelo ictus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—
    2.
    Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—
    3.
    In the lang. of augury:

    de caelo servare,

    to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,

    de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,

    to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—
    4.
    Prov.:

    quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:

    decidere de caelo,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—
    5.
    Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—
    6.
    In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:

    cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,

    to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:

    hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,

    Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:

    caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—
    B.
    The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):

    in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,

    Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:

    caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:

    pingue et concretum caelum,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

    caell intemperies,

    Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;

    Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,

    id. ib. 3:

    spiritus,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:

    gravitas,

    id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:

    varium caeli morem praediscere,

    Verg. G. 1, 51:

    varietas et mutatio,

    Col. 11, 2, 1:

    qualitas,

    Quint. 5, 9, 15:

    caeli solique clementia,

    Flor. 3, 3, 13:

    subita mutatio,

    id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:

    bonum,

    Cato, R. R. 1, 2:

    tenue,

    Cic. Fat. 4, 7:

    salubre,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130:

    serenum,

    Verg. G. 1, 260:

    palustre,

    Liv. 22, 2, 11:

    austerum,

    Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:

    foedum imbribus ac nebulis,

    Tac. Agr. 12:

    atrox,

    Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:

    hibernum,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    austrinum,

    id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:

    Italum,

    Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:

    Sabinum,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:

    quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,

    id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —
    C.
    Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:

    eodem die albescente caelo,

    Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:

    vesperascente caelo,

    in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—
    D.
    Height:

    mons in caelum attollitur,

    toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.

    Verg.: aequata machina caelo,

    Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:

    falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,

    Verg. A. 6, 896.—
    E.
    Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:

    cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:

    ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,

    id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—
    F.
    Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:

    Caesar in caelum fertur,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:

    Pisonem ferebat in caelum,

    praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:

    te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,

    id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:

    omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,

    extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:

    caelo tenus extollere aliquid,

    Just. 12, 6, 2:

    in caelo ponere aliquem,

    id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:

    Catonem caelo aequavit,

    Tac. A. 4, 34:

    caelo Musa beat,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:

    recludere caelum,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 22;

    the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,

    deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:

    digito caelum attingere,

    to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:

    caelum accepisse fatebor,

    Ov. M. 14, 844:

    tunc tangam vertice caelum,

    Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:

    caelum merere,

    Sen. Suas. 1 init. —
    G.
    In gen., a vault, arch, covering:

    caelum camerarum,

    the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:

    capitis,

    Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cael

  • 12 caeli

    1.
    caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:

    caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,

    Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.
    2.
    caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:

    ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,

    Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:

    quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,

    Lucr. 2, 1097:

    boat caelum fremitu virum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:

    quicquid deorum in caelo regit,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:

    lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,

    Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;

    so also, e caelo ictus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—
    2.
    Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—
    3.
    In the lang. of augury:

    de caelo servare,

    to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,

    de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,

    to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—
    4.
    Prov.:

    quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:

    decidere de caelo,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—
    5.
    Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—
    6.
    In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:

    cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,

    to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:

    hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,

    Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:

    caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—
    B.
    The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):

    in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,

    Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:

    caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:

    pingue et concretum caelum,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

    caell intemperies,

    Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;

    Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,

    id. ib. 3:

    spiritus,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:

    gravitas,

    id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:

    varium caeli morem praediscere,

    Verg. G. 1, 51:

    varietas et mutatio,

    Col. 11, 2, 1:

    qualitas,

    Quint. 5, 9, 15:

    caeli solique clementia,

    Flor. 3, 3, 13:

    subita mutatio,

    id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:

    bonum,

    Cato, R. R. 1, 2:

    tenue,

    Cic. Fat. 4, 7:

    salubre,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130:

    serenum,

    Verg. G. 1, 260:

    palustre,

    Liv. 22, 2, 11:

    austerum,

    Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:

    foedum imbribus ac nebulis,

    Tac. Agr. 12:

    atrox,

    Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:

    hibernum,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    austrinum,

    id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:

    Italum,

    Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:

    Sabinum,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:

    quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,

    id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —
    C.
    Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:

    eodem die albescente caelo,

    Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:

    vesperascente caelo,

    in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—
    D.
    Height:

    mons in caelum attollitur,

    toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.

    Verg.: aequata machina caelo,

    Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:

    falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,

    Verg. A. 6, 896.—
    E.
    Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:

    cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:

    ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,

    id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—
    F.
    Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:

    Caesar in caelum fertur,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:

    Pisonem ferebat in caelum,

    praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:

    te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,

    id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:

    omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,

    extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:

    caelo tenus extollere aliquid,

    Just. 12, 6, 2:

    in caelo ponere aliquem,

    id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:

    Catonem caelo aequavit,

    Tac. A. 4, 34:

    caelo Musa beat,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:

    recludere caelum,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 22;

    the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,

    deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:

    digito caelum attingere,

    to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:

    caelum accepisse fatebor,

    Ov. M. 14, 844:

    tunc tangam vertice caelum,

    Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:

    caelum merere,

    Sen. Suas. 1 init. —
    G.
    In gen., a vault, arch, covering:

    caelum camerarum,

    the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:

    capitis,

    Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > caeli

  • 13 caelum

    1.
    caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:

    caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,

    Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.
    2.
    caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:

    ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,

    Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:

    quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,

    Lucr. 2, 1097:

    boat caelum fremitu virum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:

    quicquid deorum in caelo regit,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:

    lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,

    Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;

    so also, e caelo ictus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—
    2.
    Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—
    3.
    In the lang. of augury:

    de caelo servare,

    to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,

    de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,

    to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—
    4.
    Prov.:

    quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:

    decidere de caelo,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—
    5.
    Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—
    6.
    In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:

    cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,

    to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:

    hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,

    Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:

    caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—
    B.
    The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):

    in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,

    Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:

    caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:

    pingue et concretum caelum,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

    caell intemperies,

    Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;

    Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,

    id. ib. 3:

    spiritus,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:

    gravitas,

    id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:

    varium caeli morem praediscere,

    Verg. G. 1, 51:

    varietas et mutatio,

    Col. 11, 2, 1:

    qualitas,

    Quint. 5, 9, 15:

    caeli solique clementia,

    Flor. 3, 3, 13:

    subita mutatio,

    id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:

    bonum,

    Cato, R. R. 1, 2:

    tenue,

    Cic. Fat. 4, 7:

    salubre,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130:

    serenum,

    Verg. G. 1, 260:

    palustre,

    Liv. 22, 2, 11:

    austerum,

    Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:

    foedum imbribus ac nebulis,

    Tac. Agr. 12:

    atrox,

    Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:

    hibernum,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    austrinum,

    id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:

    Italum,

    Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:

    Sabinum,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:

    quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,

    id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —
    C.
    Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:

    eodem die albescente caelo,

    Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:

    vesperascente caelo,

    in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—
    D.
    Height:

    mons in caelum attollitur,

    toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.

    Verg.: aequata machina caelo,

    Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:

    falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,

    Verg. A. 6, 896.—
    E.
    Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:

    cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:

    ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,

    id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—
    F.
    Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:

    Caesar in caelum fertur,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:

    Pisonem ferebat in caelum,

    praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:

    te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,

    id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:

    omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,

    extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:

    caelo tenus extollere aliquid,

    Just. 12, 6, 2:

    in caelo ponere aliquem,

    id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:

    Catonem caelo aequavit,

    Tac. A. 4, 34:

    caelo Musa beat,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:

    recludere caelum,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 22;

    the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,

    deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:

    digito caelum attingere,

    to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:

    caelum accepisse fatebor,

    Ov. M. 14, 844:

    tunc tangam vertice caelum,

    Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:

    caelum merere,

    Sen. Suas. 1 init. —
    G.
    In gen., a vault, arch, covering:

    caelum camerarum,

    the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:

    capitis,

    Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > caelum

  • 14 celum

    1.
    caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:

    caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,

    Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.
    2.
    caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:

    ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,

    Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:

    quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,

    Lucr. 2, 1097:

    boat caelum fremitu virum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:

    quicquid deorum in caelo regit,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:

    lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,

    Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;

    so also, e caelo ictus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—
    2.
    Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—
    3.
    In the lang. of augury:

    de caelo servare,

    to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,

    de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,

    to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—
    4.
    Prov.:

    quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:

    decidere de caelo,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—
    5.
    Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—
    6.
    In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:

    cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,

    to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:

    hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,

    Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:

    caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—
    B.
    The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):

    in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,

    Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:

    caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:

    pingue et concretum caelum,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

    caell intemperies,

    Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;

    Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,

    id. ib. 3:

    spiritus,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:

    gravitas,

    id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:

    varium caeli morem praediscere,

    Verg. G. 1, 51:

    varietas et mutatio,

    Col. 11, 2, 1:

    qualitas,

    Quint. 5, 9, 15:

    caeli solique clementia,

    Flor. 3, 3, 13:

    subita mutatio,

    id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:

    bonum,

    Cato, R. R. 1, 2:

    tenue,

    Cic. Fat. 4, 7:

    salubre,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130:

    serenum,

    Verg. G. 1, 260:

    palustre,

    Liv. 22, 2, 11:

    austerum,

    Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:

    foedum imbribus ac nebulis,

    Tac. Agr. 12:

    atrox,

    Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:

    hibernum,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    austrinum,

    id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:

    Italum,

    Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:

    Sabinum,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:

    quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,

    id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —
    C.
    Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:

    eodem die albescente caelo,

    Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:

    vesperascente caelo,

    in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—
    D.
    Height:

    mons in caelum attollitur,

    toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.

    Verg.: aequata machina caelo,

    Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:

    falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,

    Verg. A. 6, 896.—
    E.
    Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:

    cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:

    ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,

    id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—
    F.
    Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:

    Caesar in caelum fertur,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:

    Pisonem ferebat in caelum,

    praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:

    te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,

    id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:

    omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,

    extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:

    caelo tenus extollere aliquid,

    Just. 12, 6, 2:

    in caelo ponere aliquem,

    id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:

    Catonem caelo aequavit,

    Tac. A. 4, 34:

    caelo Musa beat,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:

    recludere caelum,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 22;

    the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,

    deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:

    digito caelum attingere,

    to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:

    caelum accepisse fatebor,

    Ov. M. 14, 844:

    tunc tangam vertice caelum,

    Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:

    caelum merere,

    Sen. Suas. 1 init. —
    G.
    In gen., a vault, arch, covering:

    caelum camerarum,

    the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:

    capitis,

    Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > celum

  • 15 coelum

    1.
    caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:

    caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,

    Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.
    2.
    caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:

    ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,

    Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:

    quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,

    Lucr. 2, 1097:

    boat caelum fremitu virum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:

    quicquid deorum in caelo regit,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:

    lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,

    Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;

    so also, e caelo ictus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—
    2.
    Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—
    3.
    In the lang. of augury:

    de caelo servare,

    to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,

    de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,

    to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—
    4.
    Prov.:

    quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:

    decidere de caelo,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—
    5.
    Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—
    6.
    In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:

    cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,

    to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:

    hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,

    Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:

    caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—
    B.
    The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):

    in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,

    Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:

    caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:

    pingue et concretum caelum,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

    caell intemperies,

    Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;

    Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,

    id. ib. 3:

    spiritus,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:

    gravitas,

    id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:

    varium caeli morem praediscere,

    Verg. G. 1, 51:

    varietas et mutatio,

    Col. 11, 2, 1:

    qualitas,

    Quint. 5, 9, 15:

    caeli solique clementia,

    Flor. 3, 3, 13:

    subita mutatio,

    id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:

    bonum,

    Cato, R. R. 1, 2:

    tenue,

    Cic. Fat. 4, 7:

    salubre,

    id. Div. 1, 57, 130:

    serenum,

    Verg. G. 1, 260:

    palustre,

    Liv. 22, 2, 11:

    austerum,

    Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:

    foedum imbribus ac nebulis,

    Tac. Agr. 12:

    atrox,

    Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:

    hibernum,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    austrinum,

    id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:

    Italum,

    Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:

    Sabinum,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:

    quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,

    id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —
    C.
    Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:

    eodem die albescente caelo,

    Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:

    vesperascente caelo,

    in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—
    D.
    Height:

    mons in caelum attollitur,

    toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.

    Verg.: aequata machina caelo,

    Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:

    falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,

    Verg. A. 6, 896.—
    E.
    Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:

    cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:

    ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,

    id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—
    F.
    Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:

    Caesar in caelum fertur,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:

    Pisonem ferebat in caelum,

    praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:

    te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,

    id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:

    omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,

    extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:

    caelo tenus extollere aliquid,

    Just. 12, 6, 2:

    in caelo ponere aliquem,

    id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:

    Catonem caelo aequavit,

    Tac. A. 4, 34:

    caelo Musa beat,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:

    recludere caelum,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 22;

    the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,

    deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:

    digito caelum attingere,

    to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:

    caelum accepisse fatebor,

    Ov. M. 14, 844:

    tunc tangam vertice caelum,

    Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:

    caelum merere,

    Sen. Suas. 1 init. —
    G.
    In gen., a vault, arch, covering:

    caelum camerarum,

    the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:

    capitis,

    Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > coelum

  • 16 exter

    exter or extĕrus (both forms only post-class. and very rare), tĕra, tĕrum, adj. [ comp. form, from ex], on the outside, outward, of another country, family, etc., foreign, strange (syn.: extraneus; alienus, peregrinus, adventicius).
    I.
    Pos. (in Cic. and Caes. used in the plur.):

    quod exter heres praestare cogeretur,

    strange, Dig. 31, 1, 69:

    emancipatus vero aut exterus non aliter possunt hereditatem quaerere quam si, etc.,

    ib. 29, 2, 84; cf. ib. 31, 1, 67, § 4:

    tactus corporis est sensus, vel cum res extera sese Insinuat, vel, etc.,

    Lucr. 2, 435:

    vis,

    id. 2, 277:

    haec lex socialis est, hoc jus nationum exterarum est,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18:

    exterarum gentium multitudo,

    Suet. Caes. 84:

    non modo vestris civibus, verum etiam exteris nationibus,

    Cic. Font. 11, 25; cf.:

    apud exteras civitates,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 100:

    apud exteras nationes,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 43 fin.;

    ad nationes exteras,

    Quint. 11, 1, 89:

    apud exteros,

    Plin. 18, 3, 5, § 22 et saep.:

    ab extero hoste atque longinquo,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 13.—In neutr. plur. with gen.:

    ad extera Europae noscenda missus Himilco,

    Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 169:

    ad extera corporum,

    id. 22, 23, 49, § 103.—
    II.
    Comp.: extĕrĭor, us (in signif. scarcely differing from its pos.), outward, outer, exterior; opp. interior (rare but class.):

    cum alterum fecisset exteriorem, interiorem alterum amplexus orbem,

    Cic. Univ. 7; cf.:

    simul ex navibus milites in exteriorem vallum tela jaciebant... et legionarii, interioris munitionis defensores,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 63, 6:

    colle exteriore occupato,

    id. B. G. 7, 79, 1:

    circumire exteriores mutiones jubet,

    id. ib. 7, 87, 4:

    pares munitiones contra exteriorem hostem perfecit,

    id. ib. 7, 74:

    comes exterior,

    i. e. on the left side, Hor. S. 2, 5, 17.—
    III.
    Sup. in two forms, extrēmus and extĭmus or extŭmus [ sup. of ex; cf. Gr. eschatos, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 387].
    A.
    extrēmus, a, um (which in post-class. lang. is itself compared; comp.:

    extremior,

    App. M. 1, p. 105; 7, p. 188; sup.:

    extremissimus,

    Tert. Apol. 19), the outermost, utmost, extreme (so most freq.; cf.: ultimus, postremus, novissimus, supremus, imus).
    1.
    Lit.:

    extremum oppidum Allobrogum est Geneva,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 3:

    flumen Axona, quod est in extremis Remorum finibus,

    on the farthest borders, id. ib. 2, 5, 4:

    fines,

    Liv. 39, 28, 2; 45, 29, 14; cf.:

    ad extremum finem provinciae Galliae venerunt,

    id. 40, 16, 5:

    impiger extremos currit mercator ad Indos,

    the remotest, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 45:

    Tanaïs,

    id. C. 3, 10, 1:

    in extrema fere parte epistolae,

    near the end, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 20; cf.:

    in codicis extrema cera,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92; but to denote the last part of a thing it is used more freq. in immediate connection with the substantive denoting the whole:

    quibus (litteris) in extremis,

    at its end, id. Att. 14, 8, 1; cf.:

    in qua (epistola) extrema,

    id. ib. 13, 45, 1:

    in extremo libro tertio,

    at the end of the third book, id. Off. 3, 2, 9:

    in extrema oratione,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 41:

    in extremo ponte turrim constituit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 3; cf.:

    ad extremas fossas castella constituit,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 3:

    ab extremo agmine,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 4:

    in extrema Cappadocia,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4:

    extremis digitis aliquid attingere,

    id. Cael. 12, 28 et saep. —In the neutr. absol. and as subst.: extrē-mum, i, n., an end, the end: divitias alii praeponunt, alii honores, multi etiam voluptates;

    beluarum hoc quidem extremum,

    Cic. Lael. 6, 20:

    quod finitum est, habet extremum,

    id. Div. 2, 50, 103:

    missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum,

    at the end, Liv. 21, 8, 10: in "Equo Trojano" scis esse in extremo "sero sapiunt," Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1; cf.:

    quod erat in extremo,

    id. Att. 6, 9, 1.—With gen.:

    aliquid ad extremum causae reservatum,

    Cic. Deiot. 13, 35 (cf. infra, 2. a. fin.):

    caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultumum mundi est,

    id. Div. 2, 43, 91:

    ab Ocelo, quod est citerioris provinciae extremum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 10, 5:

    summum gulae fauces vocantur, extremum stomachus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179:

    in extremo montis,

    Sall. J. 37, 4.— In plur.:

    extrema agminis,

    Liv. 6, 32, 11:

    extrema Africae,

    Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 31:

    extrema Galliae,

    Flor. 3, 3, 1; 3, 20, 12; Tac. H. 5, 18; id. A. 4, 67; 4, 74.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    In respect to time or the order of succession, the latest, last:

    inter prioris mensis senescentis extremum diem et novam lunam,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 10 Müll.:

    mensis anni Februarius,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 21, 54:

    tempore diei,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 15, 6:

    eam amicitiam ad extremum finem vitae perduxit,

    Liv. 37, 53, 8:

    matres ab extremo conspectu liberorum exclusae,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118:

    manus extrema non accessit operibus ejus,

    the finishing hand, the last touches, id. Brut. 33, 126:

    extremum illud est, ut te orem et obsecrem,

    it remains only, id. Fam. 4, 13, 7; id. Att. 11, 16, 5.—To denote the last part of a thing (cf. above, 1.): quod eo die potest videri extrema et prima luna, i. e. the end and the beginning, Varr. L. L. l. l.:

    usque ad extremam aetatem ab adolescentia,

    Nep. Cato, 2, 4; id. Att. 10, 3; cf.: ita tantum bellum Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 12, 35:

    extremo anno,

    Liv. 2, 64, 1:

    extremo tempore,

    in the last time, at last, Nep. Dat. 10; id. Epam. 9; id. Eum. 5, 3 al.:

    extrema pueritia,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    extremo Peloponnesio bello,

    Nep. Con. 1, 2: extremus dies, the close of day, the evening, Sil 7, 172; 14, 8.— Subst.:

    illum Praeteritum temnens extremos inter euntem,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 116; cf.: extremi primorum, extremis [p. 708] usque priores, id. Ep. 2, 2, 204:

    extremus dominorum,

    Tac. H. 4, 42 fin.:

    die extremum erat,

    Sall. J. 21, 2:

    extremum aestatis,

    id. ib. 90, 1:

    extremo anni,

    Liv. 35, 11, 1:

    sub extremum noctis,

    Sil. 4, 88 al. —Prov.: extrema semper de ante factis judicant (cf. our wise after the event), Pub. Syr. 163 Rib.— Adv.: extremum.
    a.
    For the last time:

    alloquor extremum maestos abiturus amicos,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 15: cum diu occulte suspirassent, postea jam gemere, ad extremum vero loqui omnes et clamare coeperunt.—
    b.
    At last, finally, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2:

    extremum tenues liquefacta medullas Tabuit,

    Ov. M. 14, 431.—Adverb. phrase:

    ad extremum,

    id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 4, 4, 2 et saep.; cf., strengthened by tum:

    invenire quod dicas... deinde... post... tum ad extremum agere ac pronuntiare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 79; and strengthened by denique:

    ad extremum ipsa denique necessitate excitantur,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    decimo loco testis exspectatus et ad extremum reservatus dixit, etc.,

    till the end, to the last, id. Caecin. 10, 28:

    ad extremum,

    Ov. P. 1, 9, 28; 3, 7, 20;

    for which: in extremum (durare),

    id. H. 7, 111:

    qui extremo mortuus est,

    at last, Dig. 32, 1, 81:

    extremo,

    Nep. Ham. 2, 3.—
    b.
    Extreme in quality or degree; used, like ultimus, to denote both the highest and the lowest grade.
    (α).
    The utmost, highest, greatest: cum extremum hoc sit (sentis enim, credo, me jam diu, quod telos Graeci dicunt, id dicere tum extremum, tum ultimum, tum summum:

    licebit etiam finem pro extremo aut ultimo dicere) cum igitur hoc sit extremum, congruenter naturae vivere, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:

    extremam famem sustentare,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 3:

    ad extrema et inimicissima jura tam cupide decurrebas,

    Cic. Quint. 15, 48; cf.:

    decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum S. C., Dent operam consules, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 3:

    extremam rationem belli sequens,

    id. ib. 3, 44, 1:

    neque aliud se fatigando nisi odium quaerere, extremae dementiae est,

    is the height of madness, Sall. J. 3, 3:

    in extremis suis rebus,

    in the utmost, greatest danger, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.:

    res,

    Suet. Ner. 6 fin.; cf.:

    res jam ad extremum perducta casum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 1:

    necessitate extrema ad mortem agi,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Subst.: si nihil in Lepido spei sit, descensurum ad extrema, to desperate measures, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

    ad extrema perventum est,

    Curt. 4, 14, 14:

    ad extrema ventum foret, ni, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 47, 8:

    compellere ad extrema deditionis,

    to surrender at discretion, Flor. 4, 5; cf.:

    famem, ferrum et extrema pati,

    Tac. H. 4, 59:

    plura de extremis loqui,

    id. ib. 2, 47 al.:

    res publica in extremo sita,

    Sall. C. 52, 11;

    Sen. de Ira, 1, 11, 5.—Adverb.: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus,

    utterly, Liv. 23, 2, 4.—
    (β).
    The lowest, vilest, meanest (perh. not ante-Aug.):

    mancipia,

    Sen. Ep. 70 fin.:

    latrones,

    App. M. 3, p. 131:

    quidam sortis extremae juvenis,

    Just. 15, 1:

    alimenta vitae,

    Tac. A. 6, 24:

    extremi ingenii est,

    Liv. 22, 29, 8.—
    B.
    extĭmus or extŭmus, a, um, the outermost, farthest, most remote (rare but class.):

    novem orbes, quorum unus est caelestis, extimus, qui reliquos omnes complectitur,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17:

    circum caesura membrorum,

    Lucr. 3, 219; 4, 647:

    promontorium Oceani,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 1:

    gentes,

    id. 2, 78, 80, § 190: factus sum extimus a vobis, i. e. discarded, estranged, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 609 P.— Subst.:

    Apuliae extima,

    the borders, Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 217.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > exter

  • 17 extremum

    exter or extĕrus (both forms only post-class. and very rare), tĕra, tĕrum, adj. [ comp. form, from ex], on the outside, outward, of another country, family, etc., foreign, strange (syn.: extraneus; alienus, peregrinus, adventicius).
    I.
    Pos. (in Cic. and Caes. used in the plur.):

    quod exter heres praestare cogeretur,

    strange, Dig. 31, 1, 69:

    emancipatus vero aut exterus non aliter possunt hereditatem quaerere quam si, etc.,

    ib. 29, 2, 84; cf. ib. 31, 1, 67, § 4:

    tactus corporis est sensus, vel cum res extera sese Insinuat, vel, etc.,

    Lucr. 2, 435:

    vis,

    id. 2, 277:

    haec lex socialis est, hoc jus nationum exterarum est,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18:

    exterarum gentium multitudo,

    Suet. Caes. 84:

    non modo vestris civibus, verum etiam exteris nationibus,

    Cic. Font. 11, 25; cf.:

    apud exteras civitates,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 100:

    apud exteras nationes,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 43 fin.;

    ad nationes exteras,

    Quint. 11, 1, 89:

    apud exteros,

    Plin. 18, 3, 5, § 22 et saep.:

    ab extero hoste atque longinquo,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 13.—In neutr. plur. with gen.:

    ad extera Europae noscenda missus Himilco,

    Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 169:

    ad extera corporum,

    id. 22, 23, 49, § 103.—
    II.
    Comp.: extĕrĭor, us (in signif. scarcely differing from its pos.), outward, outer, exterior; opp. interior (rare but class.):

    cum alterum fecisset exteriorem, interiorem alterum amplexus orbem,

    Cic. Univ. 7; cf.:

    simul ex navibus milites in exteriorem vallum tela jaciebant... et legionarii, interioris munitionis defensores,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 63, 6:

    colle exteriore occupato,

    id. B. G. 7, 79, 1:

    circumire exteriores mutiones jubet,

    id. ib. 7, 87, 4:

    pares munitiones contra exteriorem hostem perfecit,

    id. ib. 7, 74:

    comes exterior,

    i. e. on the left side, Hor. S. 2, 5, 17.—
    III.
    Sup. in two forms, extrēmus and extĭmus or extŭmus [ sup. of ex; cf. Gr. eschatos, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 387].
    A.
    extrēmus, a, um (which in post-class. lang. is itself compared; comp.:

    extremior,

    App. M. 1, p. 105; 7, p. 188; sup.:

    extremissimus,

    Tert. Apol. 19), the outermost, utmost, extreme (so most freq.; cf.: ultimus, postremus, novissimus, supremus, imus).
    1.
    Lit.:

    extremum oppidum Allobrogum est Geneva,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 3:

    flumen Axona, quod est in extremis Remorum finibus,

    on the farthest borders, id. ib. 2, 5, 4:

    fines,

    Liv. 39, 28, 2; 45, 29, 14; cf.:

    ad extremum finem provinciae Galliae venerunt,

    id. 40, 16, 5:

    impiger extremos currit mercator ad Indos,

    the remotest, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 45:

    Tanaïs,

    id. C. 3, 10, 1:

    in extrema fere parte epistolae,

    near the end, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 20; cf.:

    in codicis extrema cera,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92; but to denote the last part of a thing it is used more freq. in immediate connection with the substantive denoting the whole:

    quibus (litteris) in extremis,

    at its end, id. Att. 14, 8, 1; cf.:

    in qua (epistola) extrema,

    id. ib. 13, 45, 1:

    in extremo libro tertio,

    at the end of the third book, id. Off. 3, 2, 9:

    in extrema oratione,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 41:

    in extremo ponte turrim constituit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 3; cf.:

    ad extremas fossas castella constituit,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 3:

    ab extremo agmine,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 4:

    in extrema Cappadocia,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4:

    extremis digitis aliquid attingere,

    id. Cael. 12, 28 et saep. —In the neutr. absol. and as subst.: extrē-mum, i, n., an end, the end: divitias alii praeponunt, alii honores, multi etiam voluptates;

    beluarum hoc quidem extremum,

    Cic. Lael. 6, 20:

    quod finitum est, habet extremum,

    id. Div. 2, 50, 103:

    missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum,

    at the end, Liv. 21, 8, 10: in "Equo Trojano" scis esse in extremo "sero sapiunt," Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1; cf.:

    quod erat in extremo,

    id. Att. 6, 9, 1.—With gen.:

    aliquid ad extremum causae reservatum,

    Cic. Deiot. 13, 35 (cf. infra, 2. a. fin.):

    caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultumum mundi est,

    id. Div. 2, 43, 91:

    ab Ocelo, quod est citerioris provinciae extremum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 10, 5:

    summum gulae fauces vocantur, extremum stomachus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179:

    in extremo montis,

    Sall. J. 37, 4.— In plur.:

    extrema agminis,

    Liv. 6, 32, 11:

    extrema Africae,

    Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 31:

    extrema Galliae,

    Flor. 3, 3, 1; 3, 20, 12; Tac. H. 5, 18; id. A. 4, 67; 4, 74.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    In respect to time or the order of succession, the latest, last:

    inter prioris mensis senescentis extremum diem et novam lunam,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 10 Müll.:

    mensis anni Februarius,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 21, 54:

    tempore diei,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 15, 6:

    eam amicitiam ad extremum finem vitae perduxit,

    Liv. 37, 53, 8:

    matres ab extremo conspectu liberorum exclusae,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118:

    manus extrema non accessit operibus ejus,

    the finishing hand, the last touches, id. Brut. 33, 126:

    extremum illud est, ut te orem et obsecrem,

    it remains only, id. Fam. 4, 13, 7; id. Att. 11, 16, 5.—To denote the last part of a thing (cf. above, 1.): quod eo die potest videri extrema et prima luna, i. e. the end and the beginning, Varr. L. L. l. l.:

    usque ad extremam aetatem ab adolescentia,

    Nep. Cato, 2, 4; id. Att. 10, 3; cf.: ita tantum bellum Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 12, 35:

    extremo anno,

    Liv. 2, 64, 1:

    extremo tempore,

    in the last time, at last, Nep. Dat. 10; id. Epam. 9; id. Eum. 5, 3 al.:

    extrema pueritia,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    extremo Peloponnesio bello,

    Nep. Con. 1, 2: extremus dies, the close of day, the evening, Sil 7, 172; 14, 8.— Subst.:

    illum Praeteritum temnens extremos inter euntem,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 116; cf.: extremi primorum, extremis [p. 708] usque priores, id. Ep. 2, 2, 204:

    extremus dominorum,

    Tac. H. 4, 42 fin.:

    die extremum erat,

    Sall. J. 21, 2:

    extremum aestatis,

    id. ib. 90, 1:

    extremo anni,

    Liv. 35, 11, 1:

    sub extremum noctis,

    Sil. 4, 88 al. —Prov.: extrema semper de ante factis judicant (cf. our wise after the event), Pub. Syr. 163 Rib.— Adv.: extremum.
    a.
    For the last time:

    alloquor extremum maestos abiturus amicos,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 15: cum diu occulte suspirassent, postea jam gemere, ad extremum vero loqui omnes et clamare coeperunt.—
    b.
    At last, finally, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2:

    extremum tenues liquefacta medullas Tabuit,

    Ov. M. 14, 431.—Adverb. phrase:

    ad extremum,

    id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 4, 4, 2 et saep.; cf., strengthened by tum:

    invenire quod dicas... deinde... post... tum ad extremum agere ac pronuntiare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 79; and strengthened by denique:

    ad extremum ipsa denique necessitate excitantur,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    decimo loco testis exspectatus et ad extremum reservatus dixit, etc.,

    till the end, to the last, id. Caecin. 10, 28:

    ad extremum,

    Ov. P. 1, 9, 28; 3, 7, 20;

    for which: in extremum (durare),

    id. H. 7, 111:

    qui extremo mortuus est,

    at last, Dig. 32, 1, 81:

    extremo,

    Nep. Ham. 2, 3.—
    b.
    Extreme in quality or degree; used, like ultimus, to denote both the highest and the lowest grade.
    (α).
    The utmost, highest, greatest: cum extremum hoc sit (sentis enim, credo, me jam diu, quod telos Graeci dicunt, id dicere tum extremum, tum ultimum, tum summum:

    licebit etiam finem pro extremo aut ultimo dicere) cum igitur hoc sit extremum, congruenter naturae vivere, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:

    extremam famem sustentare,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 3:

    ad extrema et inimicissima jura tam cupide decurrebas,

    Cic. Quint. 15, 48; cf.:

    decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum S. C., Dent operam consules, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 3:

    extremam rationem belli sequens,

    id. ib. 3, 44, 1:

    neque aliud se fatigando nisi odium quaerere, extremae dementiae est,

    is the height of madness, Sall. J. 3, 3:

    in extremis suis rebus,

    in the utmost, greatest danger, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.:

    res,

    Suet. Ner. 6 fin.; cf.:

    res jam ad extremum perducta casum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 1:

    necessitate extrema ad mortem agi,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Subst.: si nihil in Lepido spei sit, descensurum ad extrema, to desperate measures, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

    ad extrema perventum est,

    Curt. 4, 14, 14:

    ad extrema ventum foret, ni, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 47, 8:

    compellere ad extrema deditionis,

    to surrender at discretion, Flor. 4, 5; cf.:

    famem, ferrum et extrema pati,

    Tac. H. 4, 59:

    plura de extremis loqui,

    id. ib. 2, 47 al.:

    res publica in extremo sita,

    Sall. C. 52, 11;

    Sen. de Ira, 1, 11, 5.—Adverb.: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus,

    utterly, Liv. 23, 2, 4.—
    (β).
    The lowest, vilest, meanest (perh. not ante-Aug.):

    mancipia,

    Sen. Ep. 70 fin.:

    latrones,

    App. M. 3, p. 131:

    quidam sortis extremae juvenis,

    Just. 15, 1:

    alimenta vitae,

    Tac. A. 6, 24:

    extremi ingenii est,

    Liv. 22, 29, 8.—
    B.
    extĭmus or extŭmus, a, um, the outermost, farthest, most remote (rare but class.):

    novem orbes, quorum unus est caelestis, extimus, qui reliquos omnes complectitur,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17:

    circum caesura membrorum,

    Lucr. 3, 219; 4, 647:

    promontorium Oceani,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 1:

    gentes,

    id. 2, 78, 80, § 190: factus sum extimus a vobis, i. e. discarded, estranged, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 609 P.— Subst.:

    Apuliae extima,

    the borders, Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 217.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > extremum

  • 18 serus

    sērus, a, um, adj. [cf. series; Sanscr. sărat, thread; that which is long drawn out], late (freq. and class.; cf.: tardus, lentus): nescis quid vesper serus vehat (the title of a work by Varro), Varr. ap. Gell. 1, 22, 4; 13, 11, 1:

    sero a vespere,

    Ov. M. 4, 415:

    serā nocte,

    Liv. 1, 57, 9; Col. 1 praef.; Prop. 1, 3, 10; Val. Fl. 7, 400:

    crepuscula,

    Ov. M. 1, 219:

    lux,

    id. ib. 15, 651:

    dies,

    Tac. H. 3, 82 (cf. infra, B.):

    hiems,

    Liv. 32, 28, 6:

    anni,

    i. e. ripe years, age, Ov. M. 6, 29; 9, 434; id. F. 5, 63; cf.

    aetas,

    id. A. A. 1, 65; Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 4:

    gratulatio,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 1:

    portenta deūm Tarda et sera nimis, id. poët. Div. 2, 30, 64: nepotes,

    Ov. M. 6, 138:

    posteritas,

    id. P. 1, 4, 24: sera eruditio, quam Graeci opsimathian appellant, Gell. 11, 7, 3; cf. poet., of persons, with gen.: o seri studiorum! ye late-learned, opsimatheis (i. e. backward, ignorant), Hor. S. 1, 10, 21 (v. infra, b. a): ulmus, late - or slowly-growing (acc. to others, old), Verg. G. 4, 144; so,

    ficus,

    late in bearing, Col. 5, 10, 10; cf. serotinus, and v. the foll. under sup.—Comp. (rare; not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf. adv. infra fin.):

    serior mors (opp. maturior),

    Cels. 2, 6 med.:

    senectus,

    Mart. 5, 6, 3:

    spe omnium serius bellum,

    Liv. 2, 3, 1:

    serior putatio,

    Col. 4, 23, 1; 2, 10, 15.— Poet., for posterior:

    serior aetas,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 7; Tib. 1, 4, 33:

    hora,

    Ov. H. 19, 14.— Sup.:

    successores quam serissimi,

    Vell. 2, 131, 2:

    serissima omnium (pirorum) Amerina, etc.,

    ripening the latest, Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 55; cf. supra.—
    b.
    Poet.
    (α).
    For the adv. sero, of one who does any thing late:

    serus in caelum redeas,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 45:

    serus Graecis admovit acumina chartis,

    id. Ep. 2, 1, 161:

    jusserit ad se Maecenas serum sub lumina prima venire Convivam,

    late in the day, id. S. 2, 7, 33:

    nec nisi serus abi,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 224:

    poena tamen tacitis sera venit pedibus,

    Tib. 1, 10, 3:

    (me) Arguit incepto serum accessisse labori,

    Ov. M. 13, 297.—So with things as subjects:

    sera rubens accendit lumina Vesper,

    Verg. G. 1, 251:

    imposita est sero tandem manus ultima bello,

    Ov. M. 13, 403:

    seros pedes assumere,

    id. ib. 15, 384:

    Cantaber serā domitus catenā,

    Hor. C. 3, 8, 22:

    serum ut veniamus ad amnem Phasidos,

    Val. Fl. 4, 708.—With gen.:

    o seri studiorum!

    Hor. S. 1, 10, 21 (v. supra); so,

    belli serus,

    Sil. 3, 255.—With inf.:

    cur serus versare boves et plaustra Bootes?

    Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 35.—
    (β).
    For adverb. use of sera and serum, v. adv. infra.—
    B.
    Substt. ‡
    1.
    sēra, ae, f. (sc. hora), a late hour, the evening hour, hespera, sera, vespra, crepusculum, Gloss. Vet.—
    2.
    sērum, i, n., late time, late hour (of the day or night; first in Liv.;

    esp. in the historians): serum erat diei,

    Liv. 7, 8, 4:

    quia serum diei fuerit,

    id. 26, 3, 1:

    jamque sero diei subducit ex acie legionem,

    Tac. A. 2, 21 fin.:

    extrahebatur in quam maxime serum diei certamen,

    Liv. 10, 28, 2 Drak. N. cr.:

    in serum noctis convivium productum,

    id. 33, 48; cf.: ad serum [p. 1682] usque diem, Tac. H. 3, 82.— Absol., in Sueton., of a late hour of the day:

    in serum dimicatione protractā,

    Suet. Aug. 17; id. Ner. 22:

    in serum usque patente cubiculo,

    id. Oth. 11.—
    II.
    Pregn., too late (class.):

    ut magis exoptatae Kalendae Januariae quam serae esse videantur,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 1:

    neque rectae voluntati serum est tempus ullum, etc.,

    Quint. 12, 1, 31:

    tempus cavendi,

    Sen. Thyest. 487: bellum, Sall. Fragm. ap. Philarg. Verg. G. 4, 144:

    Antiates serum auxilium post proelium venerant,

    Liv. 3, 5 fin.; 31, 24:

    auxilia,

    Val. Fl. 3, 562:

    improbum consilium serum, ut debuit, fuit: et jam profectus Virginius erat, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 46 fin.:

    redit Alcidae jam sera cupido,

    Val. Fl. 4, 247:

    seras conditiones pacis tentare,

    Suet. Aug. 17:

    cum tandem ex somno surrexissent, in quod serum erat, aliquot horas remis in naves collocandis absumpserunt,

    which was too late, Liv. 33, 48, 8:

    hoc serum est,

    Mart. 8, 44, 1; and with a subj.-clause:

    dum deliberamus, quando incipiendum sit, incipere jam serum est,

    Quint. 12, 6, 3; so,

    serum est, advocare iis rebus affectum, etc.,

    id. 4, 2, 115.—
    b.
    Poet. for the adverb (cf. supra, I. b. a):

    tum decuit metuisse tuis: nunc sera querelis Haud justis assurgis,

    too late, Verg. A. 10, 94:

    ad possessa venis praeceptaque gaudia serus,

    Ov. H. 17, 107:

    Herculeas jam serus opes spretique vocabis Arma viri,

    Val. Fl. 3, 713:

    serā ope vincere fata Nititur,

    Ov. M. 2, 617:

    auxilia ciere,

    Val. Fl. 3, 562.—Hence, adv., in three forms.
    1.
    sēră, late ( poet. and very rare):

    sera comans Narcissus,

    late in flowering, Verg. G. 4, 122.—
    2.
    sērum, late at night ( poet. and very rare):

    quae nocte sedens serum canit,

    Verg. A. 12, 864.—
    3.
    sērō̆.
    A.
    (Acc. to I.) Late.
    a.
    Late, at a late hour of the day or night (rare but class.):

    eo die Lentulus venit sero,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21, 1 (cf. infra, B.):

    domum sero redire,

    id. Fam. 7, 22.—
    b.
    Late, at a late period of time, in gen. (freq. and class.):

    res rustica sic est: si unam rem sero feceris omnia opera sero facies,

    Cato, R. R. 5, 7; Cic. Brut. 10, 39; Quint. 6, 3, 103:

    doctores artis sero repertos,

    id. 2, 17, 7; 2, 5, 3.— Comp.:

    modo surgis Eoo Temperius caelo, modo serius incidis undis,

    Ov. M. 4, 198; Liv. 31, 11, 10:

    serius, quam ratio postulat,

    Quint. 2, 1, 1:

    scripsi ad Pompeium serius quam oportuit,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 10; 15, 1, 4; id. Sest. 31, 67; Liv. 37, 45, 18; 42, 28, 1:

    itaque serius aliquanto notatus et cognitus (numerus),

    Cic. Or. 56, 186:

    serius egressus vestigia vidit in alto Pulvere,

    Ov. M. 4, 105:

    ipse salutabo decimā vel serius horā,

    Mart. 1, 109, 9: omnium Versatur urna serius ocius Sors exitura, later or earlier (or, as we say, inverting the order, sooner or later), Hor. C. 2, 3, 26; so,

    serius aut citius sedem properamus ad unam,

    Ov. M. 10, 33:

    serius ei triumphandi causa fuit, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 39, 6, 4; 38, 27, 4:

    in acutis morbis serius aeger alendus est,

    Cels. 3, 2.— Sup.:

    ut quam serissime ejus profectio cognosceretur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 75 (Scaliger ex conj.); so,

    legi pira Tarentina,

    Plin. 15, 17, 18, § 61 (al. serissima).—
    B.
    (Acc to II.) Too late (freq. and class.):

    abi stultus, sero post tempus venis,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 90:

    idem, quando illaec occasio periit, post sero cupit,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 71; id. Am. 2, 2, 34; id. Men. 5, 6, 31; id. Pers. 5, 1, 16 (Opp. temperi); id. Trin. 2, 4, 14; 2, 4, 167; 4, 2, 147; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103; id. Ad. 2, 4, 8. (Scipio) factus est consul bis:

    primum ante tempus: iterum sibi suo tempore, rei publicae paene sero,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 9:

    sero resistimus ei, quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 5; id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 164 et saep.:

    ne nimis sero ad extrema veniamus,

    far too late, id. Phil. 2, 19, 47; Liv. 21, 3, 5.—Hence, in a double sense, alluding to the signif. A. a.:

    cum interrogaret (accusator), quo tempore Clodius occisus esset? respondit (Milo), Sero,

    Quint. 6, 3, 49.—Prov.: sero sapiunt Phryges, are wise too late, are troubled with after-wit; v. sapio.— Comp., in the same sense:

    possumus audire aliquid, an serius venimus?

    Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 20:

    ad quae (mysteria) biduo serius veneram,

    id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:

    doleo me in vitam paulo serius tamquam in viam ingressum,

    id. Brut. 96, 330: erit verendum mihi, ne non hoc potius omnes boni serius a me, quam quisquam crudelius factum esse dicat, id. Cat. 1, 2, 5:

    serius a terrā provectae naves,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 8; Suet. Tib. 52.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > serus

  • 19 caelum

        caelum ī, n    [2 CAV-], the sky, heaven, heavens, vault of heaven: caelum terra mariaque: quod tegit omnia caelum, O.: aliquod caeli signum, sign, constellation: in caelo regere, H.: portae de caelo tactae, struck by lightning, L.: caelum terramque miscere (of violent winds), V.: de caelo demissis, i. e. of divine descent, L.: albente caelo, at break of day, Cs.: vesperascente caelo, in the evening twilight, N. — In augury: de caelo servare, to observe the signs of heaven: de caelo fieri (of celestial signs), to appear.—Provv.: quid si nunc caelum ruat? (of a vain fear), T.: delabi caelo, to drop from the sky (of sudden good-fortune): caelum ac terras miscere, to throw everything into confusion, L.: findere caelum aratro (of an impossibility), O.—In a play on the name Caelius: caeli spatium, the breadth of the sky (or of the grave of Caelius), V. — A sky, clime, zone, region: caelum, sub quo natus essem, L.: Caelum non animum mutare, H.—The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather: foedus annus intemperie caeli, L.: caeli spiritus iucundus: caeli morem praediscere, V.: ducere animam de caelo, the open air: Germania aspera caelo, Ta.: salubre: serenum, V.: palustre, L.: foedum imbribus, Ta.—Fig., of well-being, heaven, the height of honor, prosperity, happiness: Caesar fertur in caelum, praised to the skies: vos ad caelum efferre rumore secundo, H.: collegam de caelo detraxisti, deprived of his position: in caelo sum, i. e. very happy: caelum accepisse fatebor, O. — Of things: omnia, quae tu in caelum ferebas, extolled.
    * * *
    I
    heaven, sky, heavens; space; air, climate, weather; universe, world; Jehovah
    II
    chisel; engraving tool; burin

    Latin-English dictionary > caelum

  • 20 aveo

    1.
    ăvĕo, ēre, v. a. [from Sanscr. av, to love, to wish; to satisfy one's self, to be content, to do or fare well], to wish, desire earnestly, to long for, crave (syn.: volo, cupio): avere nihil aliud est quam cupere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 14 Müll.: ab ludis animus atque aures avent Avide exspectantes nuntium, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 70 (Trag. v. 70 Vahl.).—Constr. with inf., acc., and absol.
    (α).
    With inf.:

    te imitari aveo,

    Lucr. 3, 6:

    Illud in his quoque te rebus cognoscere avemus,

    id. 2, 216:

    res exponere,

    id. 4, 778:

    rationem reddere,

    id. 3, 259:

    discedere aventes,

    id. 4, 1203:

    Non est mihi tempus aventi Ponere signa novis praeceptis,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 1; 2, 6, 99:

    propiusque accedere aventi figere pectora,

    Ov. M. 2, 503:

    valde aveo scire quid agas,

    Cic. Att. 1, 15; 2, 18; id. Fin. 2, 14, 46; id. Off. 1, 4, 13; id. Div. 1, 6, 11:

    Jam mens praetrepidans avet vagari,

    Cat. 46, 7:

    avet (ara) spargier agno,

    Hor. C. 4, 11, 7:

    ipsum L. Paulum omnium oculi conspicere urbem curru ingredientem avent,

    Liv. 45, 39, 8; 33, 32, 8; Col. 3, 21, 6:

    avebat animus antire statimque memorare exitus,

    Tac. A. 4, 71; 12, 36.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    quia semper aves quod abest, praesentia temnis,

    Lucr. 3, 957; so id. 3, 1082; 3, 1083:

    parto, quod avebas,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 94:

    aveo genus legationis ut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 15, 11 fin. (acc. to conj. of Gronov.; so B. and K.; v. Orell. ad h. l.); Sil. 9, 371.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    Et mora, quae fluvios passim refrenat aventes,

    which restrains the eager river, Lucr. 6, 531, where Lachm. and Munro read euntīs:

    Talem dira sibi scelerisque dolique ministram Quaerit avens,

    Val. Fl. 2, 123; Aur. Vict. Caes. 3.—
    II.
    Avens = libens, Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7.— ăventer, adv., eagerly, earnestly (post - class.), Sid. Ep. 2, 2; v. Amm. 18, 5 and 19.
    2.
    ăvĕo (or, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 21, hă-vĕo; cf. Spald. ad l. l. and Schneid. Gr. 1, p. 185), ēre, v. n. [v. 1. aveo init. ], to be or fare well; except once in Mamert., used only in the imper. ave, aveto, avete, and inf. avere, as a form of salutation, both at meeting and separating, like salve and chaire (hence, Fest. p. 13 explains it by gaudeo).
    I.
    In gen., Hail! God bless thee, farewell! adieu (prob. not used by Cic.): Caesar simulatque, Have, mihi dixit, statim exposuit, [p. 214] i. e. had saluted me, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 4:

    numquam dicis Ave, sed reddis etc.,

    Mart. 3, 95, 1:

    Ave! gratiā plena, Dominus tecum!

    Vulg. Luc. 1, 28:

    Jesus occurrit illis dicens Avete!

    ib. Matt. 28, 9.—

    In mock homage (eccl. Lat.): dixit Ave! Rabbi,

    Vulg. Matt. 26, 49; 27, 29; ib. Marc. 15, 18; ib. Joan. 19, 3.—Haveto at the end of a letter, Cato ap. Sall. C. 35, 6; and Ave at the beginning, August. ap. Gell. 15, 7, 3:

    Marcus avere jubet,

    Mart. 3, 5, 10 al. —
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As a morning greeting (diff. from vale, a greeting at separating in the evening; cf. Suet. Galb. 4:

    ut liberti servique mane salvere, vesperi valere sibi singuli dicerent): et matutinum portat ineptus ave,

    Mart. 1, 56, 6; 1, 56, 109 fin.; 4, 79, 4; 7, 39, 2.—
    B.
    As a farewell to the dead, = vale: Atque in perpetuom, frater, ave atque vale, *Cat. 101, 10;

    and so frequently in inscriptions,

    Inscr. Orell. 2663; 4732; 4734; 4735;

    4742. But in Martial avere is distinguished, as a greeting to the living, from valere, a greeting to the dead: Jam satis est, Afer: non vis avere: vale!

    Mart. 9, 7, 4. And thus the ambiguity of avere in the anecdote in Suet. Claud. 21 is to be explained: Emissurus (Claudius) Fucinum lacum naumachiam ante commisit. Sed cum proclamantibus naumachiariis, Ave ( farewell), Imperator, morituri te salutant: respondisset, Avete vos (i. e. as dying), neque post hanc vocem, quasi venia data (since they interpreted the exclamation as live!), quisquam dimicare vellet, etc.—
    C.
    As a mere expression of goodwill (eccl. Lat.):

    nec Ave ei dixeritis,

    nor bid him God-speed, Vulg. 2 Joan. 10, 11.
    ► As finite verb: aveo plane Imperator et avebo.
    .. cum is avere jubeat, qui jam fecit, ut averem, Mamert. Grat. Act. ad Julian.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aveo

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